The network of right-wing foundations, the corporations that fund them, and the journalists who echo their claims have created a tremendous problem for American science. A recent academic study found that of the fifty-six "environmentally skeptical" books published in the 1990s, 92 percent were linked to these right-wing foundations (only thirteen were published in the 1980s, and 100 percent were linked to the foundations). Scientists have faced an ongoing misrepresentation of scientific evidence and historical facts that brands them as public enemies - even mass murderers - on the basis of phony facts.
There is deep irony here. One of the great heroes of the anti-Communist political right wing - indeed one of the clearest, most reasoned voices against the risks of oppressive government, in general - was George Orwell, whose famous 1984 portrayed a government that manufactured fake histories to support its political program. Orwell coined the term "memory hole" to denote a system that destroyed inconvenient facts, and "Newspeak" for a language designed to constrain thought within politically acceptable bounds.
All of us who were children in the Cold War learned in school how the Soviet Union routinely engaged in historical cleansing, erasing real events and real people from their official histories and even official photographs. The right-wing defenders of American liberty have now done the same. The painstaking work of scientists, the reasoned deliberations of the President's Science Advisory Committee, and the bipartisan American agreement to ban DDT have been flushed down the memory hole, along with the well-documented and easily found (but extremely inconvenient) fact that the most important reason DDT failed to eliminate malaria was because insects evolved. That is the truth - a truth that those with blind faith in free markets and blind trust in technology simply refuse to see.
The rhetoric of "sound science" is similarly Orwellian. Real science - done by scientists and published in scientific journals - is dismissed as "junk," while misrepresentations and inventions are offered in its place. Orwell's Newspeak contained no science at all, as the very concept of science had been erased from his dystopia. And not surprisingly, for if science is about studying the world as it actually is - rather than as we wish it to be - then science will always have the potential to unsettle the status quo...
...Orwell understood that those in power will always seek to control history, because whoever controls the past controls the present. So our Cold Warriors - Fred Seitz and Fred Singer, Robert Jastrow and Bill Nierenberg, and later Dixy Lee Ray, too, who had dedicated their lives to fighting Soviet Communism, joined forces with the self-appointed defenders of the free market to blame the messenger, to undermine science, to deny the truth, and to market doubt. People who began their careers as fact finders ended them as fact fighters. Evidently accepting that their ends justified their means, they embraced the tactics of their enemy, the very things they had hated Soviet Communism for: its lies, its deceit, its denial of the very realities it had created.