Autonomous Vehicles, LEAF and others...

My Nissan Leaf Forum

Help Support My Nissan Leaf Forum:

This site may earn a commission from merchant affiliate links, including eBay, Amazon, and others.
Carlos Ghosn, from ~three to ~five minutes into a wide-ranging video interview, says he expects completely autonomous vehicles will be here in about four years:

http://www.autoblog.com/2016/03/23/for-carlos-ghosn-electric-vehicles-are-the-only-solution/
 
Via GCC:
Six automated truck platoons to compete in European Truck Platooning Challenge
http://www.greencarcongress.com/2016/03/20160325-platooning.html

At the end of this month, six automated truck platoons—representing 6 different truck OEMs and their partners—will leave several European cities of origin and drive along public roads, targeting arrival at the APM Terminals, Maasvlakte II, Rotterdam on 6 April. This European Truck Platooning Challenge represents large-scale testing of cross-border automated truck-platooning; its aim is to bring platooning one step closer to implementation. . . .
 
Via GCC:
ORNL achieves 90% efficiency with 20 kW wireless charging for vehicles; looking ahead to 50 kW
http://www.greencarcongress.com/2016/03/20160331-ornl.html

. . . Providing the same speed with the convenience of wireless charging could increase consumer acceptance of electric vehicles and is considered a key enabler for hands-free, autonomous vehicles. Higher power levels are also essential for powering larger vehicles such as trucks and buses. . . .

As the researchers advance their system to higher power levels, one of their chief considerations is safety.

  • The high-frequency magnetic fields employed in power transfer across a large air gap are focused and shielded. This means that magnetic fringe fields decrease rapidly to levels well below limits set by international standards, including inside the vehicle, to ensure personal safety. . . .
 
Via GCC:
EB software and Mapscape digital maps support WEpods autonomous electric shuttles
http://www.greencarcongress.com/2016/04/20160406-eb.html

[The two companies] are contributing to WEpods—completely autonomous electric shuttle buses that will use public roads.

EB and Mapscape together provide an enhanced electronic horizon solution for assisting in motion prediction and path planning of the autonomous shuttle bus. Mapscape provides an NDS (Navigation Data Standard) map database with comprehensive road geometry data that provides more detailed information for objects and pinpoint locations than standard map information.

The enriched data . . . is then delivered to EB’s electronic horizon solution, which generates highly precise positioning information . . . such as lateral offset from the road center line. . . .

The six-seater, handicap-accessible buses without steering wheel or pedals will be the first completely autonomous vehicles to drive on public roads. . . .
This is in the Netherlands at a university, with the test phase on a fixed route (with on-board assistants) supposed to end in May, followed by smart-phone summoned shuttles that can do autonomous routing.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVC2vyVCWJI

;)
 
Via GCC:
Ford tests Fusion Hybrid autonomous research vehicles driving in complete darkness
http://www.greencarcongress.com/2016/04/20160411-ford.html

As part of its LiDAR sensor development, Ford has tested Fusion Hybrid autonomous research vehicles in complete darkness without headlights on desert roads, demonstrating the capability to perform beyond the limits of human drivers.

. . . The development shows that even without cameras, which rely on light, Ford’s LiDAR (units from Velodyne), working with the car’s virtual driver software, is robust enough to steer flawlessly around winding roads. . . .
 
Two articles, that together indicate why autonomous vehicles may wind up not only in a high-speed left lane, but also in a low-speed right lane, on the freeway.

The first article makes the case for why autonomous cargo vehicles may prefer to travel more slowly:

The driverless truck is coming, and it’s going to automate millions of jobs

Shipping a full truckload from L.A. to New York costs around $4,500 today, with labor representing 75 percent of that cost. But those labor savings aren’t the only gains to be had from the adoption of driverless trucks.

Where drivers are restricted by law from driving more than 11 hours per day without taking an 8-hour break, a driverless truck can drive nearly 24 hours per day. That means the technology would effectively double the output of the U.S. transportation network at 25 percent of the cost.

And the savings become even more significant when you account for fuel efficiency gains. The optimal cruising speed from a fuel efficiency standpoint is around 45 miles per hour, whereas truckers who are paid by the mile drive much faster. Further fuel efficiencies will be had as the self-driving fleets adopt platooning technologies, like those from Peloton Technology, allowing trucks to draft behind one another in highway trains...
http://techcrunch.com/2016/04/25/the-driverless-truck-is-coming-and-its-going-to-automate-millions-of-jobs/

But when you think about it, probably the most efficient use of long-distance travel time for passengers, is sleeping.

New: Sleeper service between SF & LA

A startup in San Francisco has launched lie-flat seat service…on a bus between downtown San Francisco and west Los Angeles.


...Fares on the new Sleepbus are $65 each way (currently discounted to $48). You can bring up to three bags (plus a bike if you want). There’s an attendant, free wi-fi, in-seat power, coffee and a bathroom onboard. And fog or rain won’t slow down this bus.

The southbound bus leaves San Francisco’s downtown Caltrain station at 11 p.m. sharp, and takes about 6 hours, 30 minute to arrive at the Santa Monica Pier in Los Angeles. The bus unloads as soon as it arrives, but Sleepbus says passengers may continue sleeping until “check out time” at 7:30 a.m...
http://blog.sfgate.com/cmcginnis/2016/04/20/new-sleeper-service-between-sf-la/

Imagine you want to make that same trip in an autonomous vehicle, either public or private, in ~2020.

Riding in an autonomous vehicle equipped with a comfortable bed, you might prefer to match your overnight travel time to your sleep cycle, and be driven in the right lane a little slower (and also more efficiently) so you could wake up with a cup of coffee a few minutes before your arrival. Speaking for myself, I'm not going to miss the Motel 6...
 
Via ABG:
Volvo hands over 100 self-driving cars to London families
The Drive Me London program will help with Volvo's autonomous driving research.
http://www.autoblog.com/2016/04/27/volvo-autonomous-driving-london/

Volvo is eager to prove the usability of its autonomous driving technology. Instead of having engineers drive up and down the highways of Britain, Volvo is handing over 100 vehicles to actual families, to see how they cope in day-to-day driving in and around London. . . .

The program, called Drive Me London, will start with a handful of cars in early 2017, and it will then expand in 2018 to include as many as 100 vehicles. It is undoubtedly the largest autonomous driving test program in Britain. . . .
 
I am extremely optimistic that A.V.s will save a lot of lives.

I am extremely pessimistic as to the degree of havoc they will cause to many worker's wages.

How many of the newly-unemployed truck, cab, and bus drivers, pilots, etc. will actually get replacement jobs at the same pay scale?

This top scientist offers a solution for the havoc driverless cars may wreak on workers

Proponents of autonomous vehicles are in a sticky situation. Self-driving technology is expected to have a tremendous impact on public health and reduce the 1.25 million deaths every year on global roads. At the same time, this emerging technology is a threat to the employment of the millions who are paid to sit behind the wheel — from truck drivers to cab drivers and delivery workers.

Baidu chief scientist Andrew Ng, an expert in the world of artificial intelligence, acknowledges the unemployment concerns, but he sees a way forward that offers society the benefits of autonomous vehicles and blunts the negative impact of job losses...
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2016/04/29/this-top-scientist-offers-a-solution-for-the-havoc-driverless-cars-may-wreck-on-workers/
 
edatoakrun said:
I am extremely optimistic that A.V.s will save a lot of lives.

I am extremely pessimistic as to the degree of havoc they will cause to many worker's wages.

How many of the newly-unemployed truck, cab, and bus drivers, pilots, etc. will actually get replacement jobs at the same pay scale?
Likely very few, and don't forget all the medical personnel in E.R.s and ICUs who will also become excess:
More than 2.5 million people went to the emergency department (ED) – and nearly 200,000 of them were hospitalized – because of motor vehicle crash injuries in 2012, according to the latest Vital Signs report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Lifetime medical costs for these crash injuries totaled $18 billion. This includes approximately $8 billion for those who were treated in the ED and released and $10 billion for those who were hospitalized. Lifetime work lost because of 2012 crash injuries cost an estimated $33 billion.

“In 2012, nearly 7,000 people went to the emergency department every day due to car crash injuries,” said CDC Principal Deputy Director Ileana Arias, Ph.D. “Motor vehicle crash injuries occur all too frequently and have health and economic costs for individuals, the health care system, and society. We need to do more to keep people safe and reduce crash injuries and medical costs.”

Key findings include:

  • On average, each crash-related ED visit costs about $3,300 and each hospitalization costs about $57,000 over a person’s lifetime.
    More than 75 percent of costs occur during the first 18 months following the crash injury.
    Teens and young adults (15-29 years old) are at especially high risk for motor vehicle crash injuries, accounting for nearly 1 million crash injuries in 2012 (38 percent of all crash injuries that year).
    One-third of adults older than 80 years old who were injured in car crashes were hospitalized – the highest of any age group.
    There were almost 400,000 fewer ED visits and 5,700 fewer hospitalizations from motor vehicle crash injuries in 2012 compared to 2002. This equals $1.7 billion in avoided lifetime medical costs and $2.3 billion in avoided work loss costs.
http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2014/p1007-crash-injuries.html

Hopefully the latter can be re-rolled into general practice or other areas - we certainly need far more preventive care and less spending on repairing the damage. Funeral parlors will also see a short-term decrease in business, but that will eventually flatten out. It's one of the bizarre results of using GDP as a metric of how well off a society is that the costs of death and injury add to it.

Disruptive technology that saves manpower has always been a double-edged sword; after all, that's why the Luddites were smashing looms. And I remember the comment made by one visiting western expert (supposedly Milton Friedman) when he was proudly taken to see an airfield? in India or maybe it was China, being built by workers using shovels instead of bulldozers etc. The local government type showing him around proudly pointed to this as a way of keeping more people employed, to which the visiting expert replied somewhat sarcastically (but with impeccable logic), "Why not use spoons instead of shovels?"
 
Via GCC:
SAE International approves TIR J2954 for PH/EV wireless charging; targeting finalized standard by 2018
http://www.greencarcongress.com/2016/05/20160518-j2954.html

SAE International approved for publishing “SAE TIR J2954 Wireless Power Transfer for Light-Duty Plug-In/ Electric Vehicles and Alignment Methodology,” a milestone industry guideline to establish wireless power transfer between infrastructure, vehicle suppliers and OEMs for plug-in electric and electric vehicles (PH/EV). (Earlier post.) The document will be available from the SAE website on 31 May. . . .

In order to achieve a basis for the start of commercialization for WPT, it is important to define criteria for safety and electromagnetic limits, efficiency and interoperability targets, as well as a test setup for the acceptance of WPT—all of which is addressed in SAE TIR J2954. . . .
Looks like all the major U.S. and Japanese auto companies are supporting it, plus BMW and Daimler (but not VW Group so far, or any French companies) plus Jaguar and Mitsubushi. BEV/PHEV bus companies which are on board are BYD, Gillig, Proterra and Volvo.

SAE TIR J2954 establishes a common frequency band using 85 kHz (81.39 - 90 kHz) for all light duty vehicle systems. In addition, four PH/EV classes of Wireless Power Transfer levels are defined. Future revisions may include even higher power levels:

  • 3.7kW (WPT 1) specified in TIR J2954
    7.7kW (WPT 2) specified in TIR J2954
    11kW (WPT 3) to be specified in revision of J2954
    22kW (WPT 4) to be specified in revision of J2954
 
Article in Science, via ABG:
The social dilemma of autonomous vehicles
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/352/6293/1573.full

Codes of conduct in autonomous vehicles

When it becomes possible to program decision-making based on moral principles into machines, will self-interest or the public good predominate? In a series of surveys, Bonnefon et al. found that even though participants approve of autonomous vehicles that might sacrifice passengers to save others, respondents would prefer not to ride in such vehicles (see the Perspective by Greene). Respondents would also not approve regulations mandating self-sacrifice, and such regulations would make them less willing to buy an autonomous vehicle. . . .
Asimov's Zeroth Law of Robotics rears its head: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Laws_of_Robotics
 
It seems that in the near future suicide bombers may no longer to commit suicide to inflict significant harm by using an autonomous car bomb.
 
RegGuheert said:
It seems that in the near future suicide bombers may no longer to commit suicide to inflict significant harm by using an autonomous car bomb.
No need to suicide now if they don't need to crash a barrier, just a cell phone or radio-controls for toys (which were used by the Boston Marathon bombers), and some simple wiring. Instructions can be found on the web. Park the car and walk away, detonate from a distance.

I suspect what will eventually happen is that the sensors that provide autonomous capability will be blocked by jammers, and/or means provided so it can be turned off remotely by appropriate agencies. Cell phone jammers have been in widespread use in Iraq/Afghanistan and probably other areas of conflict for some years - you can buy them online now: https://www.google.com/search?q=cell+phone+jammers&rlz=1CASMAD_enUS698US698&oq=cell+phone+jammers&aqs=chrome..69i57.3145j0j1&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

Jamming an autonomous car may be more difficult, as they generally use sensors in multiple EM bands. I suspect governments may require manufacturers to provide a back door that will let the cars be shut down remotely.
 
RegGuheert said:
It seems that in the near future suicide bombers may no longer to commit suicide to inflict significant harm by using an autonomous car bomb.
Or a drone.

AP cars probably can be stopped with a simple barrier. Unlike humans AP cars won't ram thr' barriers.
 
Anyone heard why this crash, which occurred on May 7, was just reported today?

Obviously something is wrong with a driving system that relies on human and instrument observations, and both are reported to have not noticed a tractor trailer directly in the tesla's path, in broad daylight.

Tesla driver killed in crash with Autopilot active, NHTSA investigating

According to Tesla, ...Neither Autopilot nor the driver noticed the white side of the tractor trailer against a brightly lit sky, so the brake was not applied...
http://qz.com/721510/a-tesla-was-involved-in-a-fatal-crash-while-in-autopilot-mode/

Tesla driver dies in first fatal crash while using autopilot mode

...In its 537-word statement on the incident, the electric vehicle company repeatedly went out of its way to shift blame for the accident...

It goes on to say that the car’s autonomous software is designed to nudge consumers to keep their hands on the wheels to make sure they’re paying attention. “Autopilot is getting better all the time, but it is not perfect and still requires the driver to remain alert,” the company said...
Brown (the deceased S driver, and also reportedly the driver in the video below)) owned a technology company called Nexu Innovations and was a Tesla enthusiast who posted videos of his car on autopilot on YouTube. One video showed his car avoiding a collision on a highway, racking up 1m views after it was tweeted by Tesla CEO Elon Musk...
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/jun/30/tesla-autopilot-death-self-driving-car-elon-musk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5TjbqVartjM
IMO, prior criticisms of autopilot's limited capabilities, and it's risks such as in the comments below, may have been validated:

Volvo autonomous car engineer calls Tesla’s Autopilot a ‘wannabe'

..."It gives you the impression that it's doing more than it is," says Trent Victor, senior technical leader of crash avoidance at Volvo, in an interview with The Verge. "[Tesla's Autopilot] is more of an unsupervised wannabe." In other words, Tesla is trying to create an semi-autonomous car that appears to be autonomous.

Victor says that Volvo believes that Level 3 autonomy, where the driver needs to be ready to take over at a moment's notice, is an unsafe solution. Because the driver is theoretically freed up to work on email or watch a video while the car drives itself, the company believes it is unrealistic to expect the driver to be ready to take over at a moment's notice and still have the car operate itself safely. "It's important for us as a company, our position on autonomous driving, is to keep it quite different so you know when you're in semi-autonomous and know when you're in unsupervised autonomous," he says...
http://www.theverge.com/2016/4/27/11518826/volvo-tesla-autopilot-autonomous-self-driving-car
 
While it is pretty ridiculous that neither the driver nor the robot applied the brakes in this case, this AP article makes me think the truck driver was at fault in this accident by making a left turn into oncoming traffic when he did not have the right-of-way:
AP said:
Preliminary reports indicate the crash occurred when Baressi's rig turned left in front of Brown's Tesla at an intersection of a divided highway where there was no traffic light,...
I realize that it is difficult for trucks to find a break long enough to make a fully-legal left turn, particularly in a busy place like Florida, but the fact remains that the oncoming traffic has the right-of-way. However, I see no indication that the truck driver was ticketed in this accident.

While it certainly wasn't playing on the Tesla's main screen, I wonder if the driver really was watching a Harry Potter movie on some sort of personal personal device:
AP said:
Frank Baressi, 62, the driver of the truck and owner of Okemah Express LLC, said the Tesla driver was "playing Harry Potter on the TV screen" at the time of the crash and driving so quickly that "he went so fast through my trailer I didn't see him."

"It was still playing when he died and snapped a telephone pole a quarter mile down the road," Baressi told The Associated Press in an interview from his home in Palm Harbor, Florida. He acknowledged he couldn't see the movie, only heard it.

Tesla Motors Inc. said it is not possible to watch videos on the Model S touch screen. There was no reference to the movie in initial police reports.
 
Back
Top